Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a complicated diagnosis with a wide range of outcomes that can require differing levels of care, therapy, and support. HIE is a type of brain injury caused by a lack of oxygen and reduced blood flow, typically occurring shortly before, during, or after birth.

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HIE is estimated to be responsible for approximately 23% of neonatal deaths worldwide. Research for HIE is significantly underfunded by the federal government compared to other neurological conditions.